A new study from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem reveals that bacterial movement plays a central role in the transfer of antibiotic resistance genes. The research team discovered that the rotation of flagella in Bacillus subtilis acts as a mechanical signal that activates key conjugation genes. This enables donor bacteria to form clusters with recipients and successfully transfer DNA in liquid environments. The findings suggest that bacteria can use motion to control when and where gene sharing occurs, offering new insight into the spread of resistance across species.